Answer:-

• Optical isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism characterized by different spatial arrangements of groups or atoms around a chiral (asymmetric) atom.

• Taking 2-chlorobutane as an example, it contains a single chiral carbon atom, where four different groups are arranged in distinct spatial configurations.

• The structure of 2-chlorobutane and its mirror image can be depicted, illustrating that the arrangement of these groups is not identical.

• When attempting to superimpose 2-chlorobutane onto its mirror image, a perfect match cannot be achieved.

• Consequently, 2-chlorobutane displays optical isomerism due to its inability to be superimposed upon its mirror image, indicating the presence of enantiomers with different spatial arrangements around the chiral carbon atom.