chapter 5 electrochemistry class 12 chemistry textbook solution

4. Answer the following :

viii. How will you calculate the moles of electrons passed and mass of the substance produced during electrolysis of a salt solution using reaction stoichiometry.

Answer:- 

1) Calculation of Moles of Electrons Passed:

To determine the moles of electrons passed, begin by calculating the total charge passed, denoted as Q (in Coulombs). We know that the charge of one mole of electrons is 96500 Coulombs, which is referred to as one Faraday (1 F). Therefore,

Moles of electrons actually passed = Q (C) / 96500 (C/mol e^-)

2) Calculation of Moles of Product Formed:

To find the moles of product formed, first, construct the balanced equation for the half-reaction taking place at the electrode. The stoichiometry of this half-reaction provides information about both the moles of electrons passed and the moles of the product formed. From this, we can determine the mole ratio:

Mole ratio = Moles of product formed in the half-reaction / Moles of electrons required in the half-reaction

Moles of product formed = Moles of electrons actually passed × mole ratio

Moles of product formed = (Q (C) / 96500 (C/mol e^-)) × mole ratio

Moles of product formed = (I (A) × t (s)) / (96500 (C/mol e^-)) × mole ratio

3) Mass of Substance Produced:

The mass of the product (W) can be calculated as follows:

W = Moles of product × molar mass of the product

W = (I (A) × t (s)) / (96500 (C/mol e^-)) × mole ratio × molar mass of the product

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