Answer:-

The green chemistry approach recognizes that Earth possesses a natural capacity to manage a significant portion of the waste and pollution created by society. Unsustainability arises only when this capacity is exceeded. The key roles of Green Chemistry are as follows:

1. Encouraging Innovative Chemical Technologies: Green Chemistry seeks to promote innovative chemical technologies that either reduce or entirely eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacturing, and utilization of chemical products.

2. Cost Reduction and Pollution Prevention: Green Chemistry plays a crucial role in lowering capital expenditure and preventing pollution by employing sustainable practices in chemical production.

3. Integration of Pollution Prevention: Green Chemistry incorporates pollution prevention practices into the manufacturing of chemicals and actively promotes pollution prevention and industrial ecology.

4. Minimizing Environmental Impact: Green Chemistry offers a fresh perspective on chemicals and their manufacturing processes, with the goal of minimizing any adverse environmental effects.

5. Ozone Layer Protection: Green Chemistry contributes to safeguarding the ozone layer in the stratosphere, which is vital for the survival of life on Earth.

6. Mitigating Greenhouse Effect: Green Chemistry can be a valuable tool in controlling the greenhouse effect and mitigating global warming.