chapter 13 Amines Class 12 Chemistry Textbook Solution

3. Answer the following

vii. Explain carbylamine reaction with suitable examples.

Answer:- i. Aliphatic or aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform give foul (offensive) smelling products called alkyl/aryl isocyanides or carbylamines. ii. This reaction is a test for primary amines. Secondary and tertiary amines do not give this test.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{1° Amine}}{R – NH2} + CHCl3 + 3KOH ->[\Delta] \underset{\text{Alkyl isocyanide}}{R – NC} + 3KCl + 3H2O}\]
e.g. a.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{Ethylamine}}{CH3 – CH2} – NH2 + \underset{\text{Chloroform}}{CHCl3} + 3KOH->[\Delta] \underset{\text{Ethyl isocyanide}}{C2H5 – NC} + 3KCl + 3H2O}\]
b.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{Aniline}}{C6H5 – NH2} + \underset{\text{Chloroform}}{CHCl3} + 3KOH ->[\Delta] \underset{\text{Phenyl isocyanide}}{C6H5NC} + 3KCl + 3H2O}\]

13 Amines Class 12 Chemistry Textbook Solution page 297