chapter 6. CHEMICAL KINETICS class 12 chemistry textbook solution

3. Answer the following in brief.

x. Derive the integrated rate law for first order reaction.

Answer:- 

A → product

The differential rate law for this reaction is given as:

rate = -d[A]/dt = k[A] ...(1)

where [A] is the concentration of the reactant at time t.

Rearranging Eq. (1), we get:

d[A]/[A] = -k dt ...(2)

Let [A]0 be the initial concentration of the reactant A at time t = 0.

Suppose [A]t is the concentration of A at time t.

Integrating equation (2) between the limits [A] = [A]0 at t = 0 and [A] = [A]t at t = t:

∫[A]0^[A]t (d[A]/[A]) = -k∫0^t dt

On integration, we obtain:

ln([A]t/[A]0) = -kt

or ln([A]t/[A]0) = -kt ...(3)

or k = 1/t ln([A]0/[A]t)

Converting ln to log10, we can write:

k = 2.303/t log10([A]0/[A]t) ...(4)

Equation (4) represents the integrated rate law for first-order reactions.

chapter 6. CHEMICAL KINETICS class 12 chemistry textbook solution page 136